It commonly occurs in less developed areas of Central and South America, Africa, and Asia. Entamoeba histolytica affects millions of people and results in greater than 55,000 deaths a year. In areas with poor sanitation nearly half of cases of diarrhea are due to Entamoeba histolytica. Shigella results in about 165 million cases of diarrhea and 1.1 million deaths a year with nearly all cases in the developing world.

While medications used to decrease diarrhea such as loperamide are not recommended on their own, they may be used together with antibiotics. Antibiotics such as azithromycin may be used to treat cases associated with travelling in the developing world. While the condition generally resolves on its own within a week, drinking sufficient fluids such as oral rehydration solution is important. Įfforts to prevent dysentery include hand washing and food safety measures while traveling in areas of high risk. The underlying mechanism involves inflammation of the intestine, especially of the colon. Risk factors include contamination of food and water with feces due to poor sanitation. Other causes may include certain chemicals, other bacteria, other protozoa, or parasitic worms. The cause of dysentery is usually the bacteria from genus Shigella, in which case it is known as shigellosis, or the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica then it is called amoebiasis. Other symptoms may include fever, abdominal pain, and a feeling of incomplete defecation. Occurs often in many parts of the world ĭysentery (UK pronunciation: / ˈ d ɪ s ə n t r i/, US: / ˈ d ɪ s ə n t ɛ r i/ ), historically known as the bloody flux, is a type of gastroenteritis that results in bloody diarrhea. Usually Shigella or Entamoeba histolytica Ĭontamination of food and water with feces due to poor sanitation ĭrinking sufficient fluids, antibiotics (severe cases) This effect is known as Fringing.įringing is directly proportional to the length of the air gap that means if the length increases the fringing effect will also be more and vice versa.A person with dysentery in a Burmese POW camp, 1943īloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever

The useful flux when sets up in the air gap, it tends to bulge outward at (b and b’) as shown in above figure, because of this bulging, the effective area of the air gap increases and the flux density of the air gap decreases. The ratio of the total flux produced to the useful flux set up in the air gap of the magnetic circuit is called a leakage coefficient or leakage factor. Therefore, the total flux Φ produced by the solenoid in the magnetic circuit is the sum of the leakage flux and the useful flux and is given by the equation shown below: This type of flux which is not used for any work is called Leakage Flux and is denoted by φ l. This flux is known as Useful flux φ u.Īs practically it is not possible that all the flux in the circuit follows a particularly intended path and sets up in the magnetic core and thus some of the flux also sets up around the coil or surrounds the core of the coil, and is not utilised for any work in the magnetic circuit. Most of the flux is set up in the core of the solenoid and passes through the particular path that is through the air gap and is utilised in the magnetic circuit. When a current is passed through a solenoid, magnetic flux is produced by it.

Flux meaning